
How companies raise money without an IPO: the SEC exemptions and their limits, who counts as an accredited investor, the instruments investors buy, and what happens after the round closes.
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Most capital raised by U.S. companies outside the public markets moves through a small set of exemptions from SEC registration, above all Regulation D. This course walks through that system as it stands in November 2026: the map of exemptions and their current dollar limits, the accredited investor definition and the SEC's October 2026 notices on new ways to qualify, the practical differences between Rule 506(b) and Rule 506(c), the instruments founders actually sign (priced equity, SAFEs, convertible notes and venture debt), how to prepare a raise that survives investor and broker-dealer diligence, and the resale, reporting and liquidity rules that apply once the money is in. Every factual statement links to the rule text, SEC staff guidance, FINRA notice or primary document it comes from. The course is educational and is not legal, tax or investment advice.
